Background

Social isolation and loneliness influence our quality of life, wellbeing and utilisation of health and social care services, and have an adverse impact on morbidity and mortality.

This review focused on older people identified as being, or at risk of being, socially isolated and/or lonely, and includes interventions aimed at reducing or preventing loneliness and/or social isolation.

Aims and objectives

We aimed to answer the following questions:

• What are effective and cost-effective interventions to promote and sustain social connections for older people?
• What resources are required to implement effective and cost-effective interventions?

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